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Interleukin-10 Levels
Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is an anti-inflammatory cytokine, which is a small protein involved in cell signaling. It plays a crucial role in regulating the immune response by suppressing inflammation and limiting tissue damage during infection or injury. IL-10 has multiple effects on various immune cells, including the inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines production and the promotion of…
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Electroporation Protocols
Electroporation is a technique used to introduce exogenous molecules, such as DNA, RNA, or proteins, into cells by applying an electric field to create temporary pores in the cell membrane. The specific electroporation protocol will depend on the cell type, the molecule to be introduced, and the equipment used. However, some general steps and guidelines…
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Therapeutic Proteins
Therapeutic proteins are biologically-derived molecules, such as enzymes, antibodies, cytokines, or hormones, that are used to treat various diseases and conditions. These proteins can be isolated from natural sources or produced using recombinant DNA technology, where the gene encoding the protein of interest is inserted into a host organism, such as bacteria, yeast, or mammalian…
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Rheumatoid Arthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that primarily affects the joints, causing inflammation, pain, stiffness, and swelling. It occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks the synovium, the lining of the joints, leading to inflammation and the gradual destruction of cartilage and bone. RA can also affect other tissues and organs, such as…
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Recombinant Protein Therapy
Recombinant protein therapy is a therapeutic approach that involves the use of genetically engineered proteins to treat various diseases and conditions. These proteins are produced by inserting the desired gene coding for the protein of interest into a host organism, such as bacteria, yeast, or mammalian cells. The host organism then expresses the recombinant protein,…
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DNA Treatment
DNA treatment refers to the process of introducing exogenous DNA into cells or organisms to achieve a therapeutic effect or to study gene function. DNA treatment can be employed in various ways, such as gene therapy, genome editing, or functional genomics research. The goal is to either correct a genetic mutation, replace a missing or…
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Skeletal Muscle
Skeletal muscle is one of the three major types of muscle tissue found in the body, along with smooth muscle and cardiac muscle. It is composed of long, multinucleated cells called muscle fibers and is primarily responsible for voluntary movement. Skeletal muscles are attached to bones via tendons, and they contract and relax in response…
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Non-viral Method
Non-viral methods refer to gene delivery techniques that do not involve the use of viral vectors. These methods are generally considered safer and more easily customizable than viral methods, as they do not carry the risk of triggering an immune response or inserting genetic material into the host genome in an uncontrolled manner. Some common…
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In Vivo Electroporation
In vivo electroporation is a technique used to introduce exogenous molecules, such as DNA, RNA, or proteins, into cells within living organisms. The method relies on the application of short, high-voltage electrical pulses to create temporary pores in cell membranes, allowing the uptake of foreign molecules directly into the cells. In vivo electroporation has become…
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siRNA Capacity
Small interfering RNA (siRNA) is a class of double-stranded RNA molecules, typically 20-25 nucleotides in length, that play a crucial role in the RNA interference (RNAi) pathway. siRNAs can specifically silence or knock down the expression of target genes by inducing the degradation of complementary messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules. The capacity of siRNA refers to…